Issue Briefs

Water, Terror, and Transborder Realities: Reassessing the Indus Waters Treaty
This issue brief analyses the strategic obsolescence of the 1960 Indus Waters Treaty against the backdrop of Pakistan's cross-border terrorism, severe climate stress, and domestic water mismanagement. It highlights the immense developmental costs borne by Jammu and Kashmir, justifying India’s decision to condition future hydro-cooperation on regional security and ecological realities.
The Iran-US Memorandum of Understanding: Prospects for Peace and the Challenges of Implementation
The technical negotiations at the Lake Lucerne Summit in Switzerland, which commenced on 21 June 2026, mark a critical operational step in translating the historic Iran-United States Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) into a permanent security framework. Led by US Vice President JD Vance and Iran’s Chief Negotiator Muhammad Bagher Ghalibaf, these talks aim to establish concrete mechanisms for the 14-point MoU signed on 17 June.
India’s European Pivot: From Engagement to Structural Alignment
Modi’s 2026 European tour deepened India–Europe ties through landmark technology, trade, and green energy partnerships. Building on recent FTAs, these engagements embed India into Europe’s strategic architecture, making the relationship more resilient and positioning New Delhi as a pivotal actor in shaping the next international order.



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Manufacturing Instability as Strategy: Pakistan’s Dangerous Game in Afghanistan
Idrees Aftab
Pakistan’s attempt to cause instability in Afghanistan, aimed at securing strategic influence and external financial support, could ultimately backfire.
Blending the Past with the Present: Nalanda as India’s Peaceful Outreach as a Major Knowledge Hub
Mohammed Badrul Alam
Nalanda’s revival connects India’s ancient intellectual heritage with its contemporary ambitions in education, cultural diplomacy and regional cooperation. From its historic role as a centre of Asian scholarship to its modern international campus, Nalanda offers a platform for knowledge exchange, interdisciplinary learning and India’s wider engagement with Asia and the Global South.
India's Central Asian Calculus: The Bishkek Summit as a Strategic Platform for a Multi-vector Partnership
Anusua Ganguly, Jason Wahlang
The 2026 SCO Summit solidified India's use of the platform to advance its multi-dimensional ties with Central Asia, highlighting shared regional objectives and India's growing role as an alternative strategic partner.