Masked as a historic Islamic defence alliance, the Makkah Accord between Saudi Arabia, Türkiye, and Pakistan is a fragile, transactional arrangement driven by economic leverage and military outsourcing rather than shared strategic threats.

Pakistan’s elite amass wealth while ordinary citizens struggle to survive. As the elite prepare their escape, millions face poverty, hunger, and hopelessness

Muizzu’s Pakistan visit signals Islamabad’s renewed Indian Ocean ambitions and Malé’s diplomatic diversification, presenting India with the challenge of safeguarding its regional interests through sustained engagement.